Law and Democracy in Latin America

«Crime and Punishment

Ordinary property crimes:

Individual cities: the picture is worse:

Latin America's Homicide Epidemic: Murders per 100,000
Citizens, 1990s
City Number of Murders
Escuintia, Guatemala 165
San Salvador 150
Diadema, Brazil 140
Izablál, Guatemala 127
Medellin, Colombia 124
Cali, Colombia 114
Sãao Paulo, Brazil 103
Santa Rosa, Brazil 103
Guatemala City 101
Embù, Brazil 93
Caracas, Venezuela 76
Vitória, Brazil 64
Rio de Janeiro 63
Oaxaca, Mexico 54
Detroit Michigan 43
Washington, D.C. 36
New York, N.Y. 9
Paris, France 7
Tokyo, Japan 2
Sources: InternAmerican Development Bank, United Nations.

From Gaviria and Pages

Percent of Crime Victimization across Quintiles and City Size
Income Quintiles City Size
q1 q2 q3 q4 q5 Small Medium Large
Argentina 31.13 37.67 34.5 40.42 41.17 19.37 30.75 40.29
Bolivia 33.01 32.92 37.83 37.69 30.72 NA 33.94 35.48
Brazil 34.14 34.48 31.99 40.47 45.82 42.2 43.7 40.19
Colombia 29.4 34.26 34.89 39.43 42.78 NA 35.5 44.38
Costa Rica 33.65 35.47 35.96 43.22 34.98 35.4 45.53 NA
Chile 27.75 32.18 27.19 33.22 33.35 11.59 28.56 33.18
Ecuador 41.95 39.68 45.45 42.62 43.04 40.05 45.32 62.28
El Salvador 45.32 38.52 47.51 41.62 59.8 42.83 52.22 NA
Guatemala 54.8 50.86 52.47 58.86 58 50.27 51.5 NA
Honduras 28.36 27.83 39.67 44.27 41.41 38.46 53.51 NA
Mexico 40.26 39.06 44.48 48.22 47.57 29 43.64 53.39
Nicaragua 29.69 32.85 34.85 40.89 42.17 35.46 45.34 NA
Panama 25.92 26.35 34.14 29.6 26.11 26.07 38.86 NA
Paraguay 27.15 32.09 37.5 38.89 32.93 29.37 36.91 36.57
Peru 34.85 33.77 35.42 43.99 39.3 25.63 32.81 41.93
Uruguay 20.06 17.48 23.85 31.49 31.79 20.03 30.13 36.91
Venezuela 37.89 42.33 47.02 45.81 53.77 38.1 46.97 54.68
Spain 9.37 13.31 15.22 17.28 18.03 NA NA NA
Source: Latinobarometer (1966-1998)