Kant argues (Met. Anfangsgr. d. Tagendlehre, Th. I., §iv.) that as every one ``inevitably wills'' means to promote his own happiness this cannot be regarded as a duty. But, as I have before urged (Book i. chap. iv. §1), a man does not ``inevitably will'' to do what he believes will be most conducive to his own greatest happiness.

The view in the text is that of Butler (Dissertation Of the nature of Virtue) who admits that ``nature has not given us so sensible a disapprobation of imprudence and folly as of falsehood, injustice, and cruelty''; but points out that such sensible disapprobation is for various reasons less needed in the former case.